Titus (39 CE – 81 CE) was Vespasian’s eldest son and heir to the throne. He played a crucial role in supporting his father’s rise to power. Before Vespasian became emperor, Titus had already established himself as a capable military leader, especially during the Jewish War (66-73 CE), where he famously led the siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE. This victory was a defining moment in his career and greatly enhanced the Flavian family’s prestige.
The relationship between Vespasian and Titus was one of mutual respect and trust. Vespasian relied heavily on Titus for military and political matters, and in return, Titus remained a loyal and obedient son. When Vespasian became emperor, Titus was given important roles, including Praetorian Prefect, which made him responsible for the security of the emperor and Rome itself. This position effectively made him the second most powerful man in the empire during his father’s reign.
Upon Vespasian’s death in 79 CE, Titus succeeded him without opposition, reflecting how Vespasian had successfully groomed his eldest son for power. As emperor, Titus continued his father’s policies, completed the Colosseum, and became known for his generosity, especially after the devastating eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE.
Domitian: The Overshadowed Younger Son
Domitian (51 CE – 96 CE) was the younger son of Vespasian, and his relationship with both his father and brother was more complicated. Unlike Titus, Domitian was not given significant responsibilities during Vespasian’s reign. While Vespasian focused on training Titus for leadership, Domitian was left in the shadows, causing tension and resentment.
Throughout Vespasian’s reign, Domitian was largely excluded from major decision-making processes. This lack of attention led to a strained relationship between Vespasian and Domitian, as Domitian felt overlooked despite his ambition and intelligence.
The dynamic between Titus and Domitian was also marked by rivalry. As the elder brother and Vespasian’s clear favorite, Titus received more trust and authority. Although Titus treated Domitian with formality and did not openly antagonize him, Domitian was never satisfied with his subordinate position. When Titus became emperor in 79 CE, Domitian remained on the political sidelines, continuing to harbor ambitions for the throne. shutdown123